Links: Experimental Tools for Materials Study at Atomic and Nano Scale

• Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
• Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES)
• Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM)
• Nanoindentation
• Near–field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM or SNOM)
• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR)
• Raman Spectroscopy (RS)
• Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
• Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM)
• Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)
• Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS)
• Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)
• Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
• Two-Photon Microscopy (TPM)
• X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
• X-Ray Spectroscopy

• Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
   
  
  • Atomic Force Microscopy – at Nanoscience.com
  • Chemistry at the Solid-Liquid Interface – Research in the Group of Richard Compton
  • Conductive Tips for AFM – Press Release at Nanotechweb.org
  • General Ideas about AFM – Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph
  • Gerton Lab – Youtube Video Showing AFM Application
  • How AFM Works – from Thesis by David Baselt, California Institute of Technology
  • Imaging, Measuring and Manipulating ... – Book Chapter
  • Introduction to AFM – from Paul West
  • Key Tool for Nanotechnology – An Article by Michael Berger at Nanowerk.com
  • Principles – at NT-MDT
  • Probing Biomolecules by AFM – by Helen Hansma, University of California, Santa Barbara
  
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  • Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES)
     
    
    • Wikipedia Article
    • AES Introduction
    • Auger Electron Spectroscopy (Book Chapter) by A. Chourasia & D. Chopra
    • Auger Electron Spectroscopy (Encyclopedia Article) by Noel Turner
    • AES Introduction
    
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  • Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM)
     
    
    • Fundamentals and Applications – by Alexeev & Popkov, NT–MDT
    • Illustration of MFM – by Michael Donahue, NIST
    • Imaging of the Spatial Variation of Magnetic Forces – by Dayal Kaushik, Carnegie Mellon University
    • Physics of MRFM – by Micro Structures and Sensors Lab, Stanford University
    • Principle and Applications – by Materials Science Group, University of Twente
    • Principles – at NT-MDT
    • Silicon MFM Probes – at Nanosensors.com
    • 3DMFM – By CISMM, University of North Carolina
    
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  • Nanoindentation
     
    
    • Hardness Testing – by Materials Evaluation & Engineering
    • Introduction – by Tom Juliano & Vladislav Domnich
    • Materials Testing at Nanometer Scale – by NTEGRA, NT–MDT
    • Nanoindentation of Polymers by AFM – at NIST
    • Nanomechanical Test Instruments – by Micromaterials
    • Research – by Steven Kenny, Loughborough University
    
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  • Near–field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM or SNOM)
     
    
    • Development – by Optical technology Division, NIST
    • Infrared SNOM Investigates Orders and Clusters... – by J. Generosi et al., Journal of Microscopy
    • Investigation of Surface – by NT–MDT
    • Luminiscence Mode – by NT–MDT
    • Nanoscale Optics – by CSEM
    • s–SNOM – Rainer Hillenbrand and Fritz Keilmann, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry
    
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  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR)
     
    
    • Background: H and C NMR – by Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University
    • Basic Principles and Interpretation – by Francis Carey, University of Calagary
    • Basics – by Maryellen Nerz-Stormes, Bryn Mawr College
    • Basics of NMR – by Joseph Hornack, Rochester Institute of Technology
    • Principle and Applications – by Henry Rzepa, Imperial College London
    • Theoretical Principles – by Sheffield Hallam University, UK
    
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  • Raman Spectroscopy (RS)
     
    
    • Physical Chemistry Class – at the University of Colorado Denver
    • Raman Scattering – by Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University
    • Raman Tutorial – by Kaiser optical Systems
    • Surface Enhanced raman Spectroscoopy (SERS) – by Wikipedia
    • Practice Guide – by Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, NIST
    • Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy – by G. Picardi et al., Fritz-Haber-Institut
    • TERS–Robust and Commercially Useful technique – by Zenobi Group, ETH
    
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  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
     
    
    • Basic Principles, Instrumentation and Examples – by Philip Rack, University of Tennessee
    • Brief Overview – by Center for Materials Research and Analysis, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
    • General Introduction – by Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University
    • How ESEM Works – by Image Technology Group, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champagn
    • Image Formation – by Acept Project, Arizona State University
    • Image Gallery and More – by Museum of Science, Science Park, Boston
    • Low Temperature – by Beltsville Agricultural Research Center
    • Multi–User SEM – an Article at the Journal of Microscopy, TMS
    • Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) – by david Wipf, Mississippi State University
    • SEM Notes – By Center for Ultrastructural Research, University of Georgia
    • Tutorials and Lessons – by Materials Science & Engineering Department, Iowa State University
    • Understanding How SEM Works – by College of Engineering, Iowa State University
    • What is SEM and How it Works – by Radiological & Environmental Management, Purdue University
    
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  • Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM)
     
    
    • Basic Principle and Examples – by Roger Nix, Queen Mary University of London
    • Introduction to SPM – By John Cross
    • Materials Characterization – by Roger Nix, Ptrick Pizzo, San Jose State University
    • Principle of SPM – by Joost Frenken, Leiden Institute of Physics
    • Principles – at NT-MDT
    • Russian Society of SPM and Nanotechnology – Galeries of Images, Resources, Etc.
    • SPM Lab – at North Carolina State University
    • Tutorial – by B. Ramakrishna, Arizona State University
    
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  • Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)
     
    
    • Basics – by Dmitri Petrovykh
    • Color Images – by René Pascal
    • Gallery – at IBM Research
    • IBM Research – Overview, examples, Resources, Etc.
    • Low Temperature, High Visibility – an article in Physical Review Focus
    • Nobel Prize in Physics, 1986 – by Gerd Binning & Heinrich Rohrer
    • Notes – by Phil Fraundorf, University of Missouri
    • Overview – by Nanoscience.com
    • Overview – By Russell Young, NIST
    • Principle and Examples – by Mike Crommie, Berkeley University
    • STM Gallery – by Surface Physics Group, TU Wien
    • STMs Make Mountains out of Molehills – an Article in Physical Review Focus
    • Theory and Examples – by Solid state Physics Department, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg
    • Tutorial – by Tit–Wah Hui, University of Guelph
    
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  • Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS)
     
    
    • Analysis Techniques: SIMS – by Cameca
    • Basics – by Siliconfarest.com
    • Book Chapter – by Roger Nix, Queen Mary University of London
    • Introduction to SIMS – by Jingshen Wu, Hong Kong University
    • Static SIMS – by Wikipedia
    • What is SIMS – by Laboratory for Space Science, Washington University in St. Louis
    
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  • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)
     
    
    • Wikipedia Article
    • SPR Pages
    • Surface Plasmon resonance: Prionciples, Methods and Applications in Biomedical Sciences by Patrcik Englebienne et al.
    
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  • Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
     
    
    • Acronyms and Micrographs – by Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University
    • Basics – by Peter Goodhew, University of Liverpool
    • Learn to Use TEM – by John Rodenburg
    • Links – by Harriett Smith&ndah;Somerville, University of Alabama
    • Nobel Prize in Physics, 1986 – by Ernst Ruska
    • Scheme of TEM – by Frank Krumeich, ETH Zurich
    • TEM Notes – by Center for Ultrastructural research, University of Georgia
    • TEM Works Much Like a Slide Projector – by Center for Materials Research and Analysis, University of Nebraska – Lincoln
    • Web Course Notes – by Electron Microscopy Outreach Program, University of California San Diego
    
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  • Two-Photon Microscopy (TPM)
     
    
    • Fundamentals and Applications in Multiphoton Excitation Microscopy – by Nikon Microscopy
    • Two-Photon Excitation Microscopy – by Wikipedia
    • Two–Photon Fluorescence Microscopy – by Institute of Neurosciences and Biophysics, Jülich Forschungzentrum
    • Why Use a Confocal Microscope? – by Keck Microscopy Facility, University of Washington
    
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  • X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
     
    
    • Wikipedia Article
    • X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (tutorial Presentation) by Roger Smart
    • Introduction to X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and XPS Application for Biologically Related Objects by Dmitry Zemlyanov
    
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  • X-Ray Spectroscopy
     
    
    • An Introduction to X-Ray Spectroscopy by Andy Dent
    • X-Ray Fruorescence Spectroscopy (XRF)
    • XAFS Tutorial Documents
    • X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Metallobiomolecules by Robert Scott
    • Spectral Imaging in X-Ray Microanalysis: Development and Applications by Alan Sandborg
    
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